Observability of compactly perturbed systems (Q1974235)

The authors study the evolutionary problem \(\dot{x}=Ax\), \(x(0)=x_{0},\) where \(A\) is a linear operator in a complex Hilbert space. Assume that \(e_{k,l}\), \(k=1,2,\dots{}\), \(l=1,2,\dots,m_{k}\), is a Riesz basis in \(H\) with linear hull \(Z\) and let \(\lambda_{k}\) be the generalized eigenvalues of \(A.\) Let also \(q_{1}, q_{2},\dots{},q_{m}\) and \(p_{1},p_{2},\dots{},p_{m}\) be seminorms in Z and for some \(k'\) let \(Z'\) be the linear hull of \(e_{k,l}\), \(k=1,2,\dots{},k'\), \(l=1,2,\dots,m_{k}. \) The main result of the paper is the following theorem: Assume that for some intervals \(I_{1}, I_{2},\dots{},I_{m}\) we have \[ \sum_{j=1}^{m}\int_{I_{j}}q_{j}(x(t))^{2} dt\leq{c\|x_{0}\|^{2}}\tag{*} \] and \[ \|x_{0}\|^{2}\leq {\sum_{j=1}^{m}\int_{I_{j}}p_{j}(x(t))^{2} dt}\tag{**} \] for all solutions \(x(t) =\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\sum_{l=1}^{m_{k}}x_{k,l}E_{k,l}(t)\) with \(X_{0}\in Z'\) and \(x_{k,l}=0\) if \(k<k'\). Also assume that in \(H\) and for all \(j=1,2,\dots{},m\), it holds \(q_{j}\leq cp_{j}\) and that if \(Ae=\lambda_{k}e,\) for some \(k<k'\) and if \(q_{1}e=q_{2}e=\dots{}=q_{m}e=0,\) then \(e=0.\) Let \(J_{1},\dots{},J_{m}\) be intervals with \(closureI_{j}\subseteq {interiorJ_{j}}.\) Then all solutions with \(x_{0}\in Z'\) satisfy the estimates (*) and (**) where the intervals \(I\) are replaced by \(J.\) The authors give an application to a linear partial differential system of Petrovski type.