Normal band matrices (Q1974710)

The paper is devoted to a generalization of the well-known fact that a normal \((n\times n)\)-matrix \(A\) \((n>1)\) of an indecomposable tridiagonal form has the following properties: (1) there exists a linear relation between the matrices \(A\), \(A^*\) and the identity matrix \(I_n\); and (2) the spectrum of \(A\) is concentrated on a straight line. Two theorems are formulated and proved for normal matrices with bands of arbitrary width \(2m+1\): (1) \(A\) is a solution of matrix polynomial equation \(g_k (A,A^*)= 0\) of degree \(k\), \(k=2 (m-1)\); (2) all eigenvalues of \(A\) are situated on an algebraic curve of degree \(k\).