Cauchy-Kovalevskaja-Nagumo type theorems for PDEs with shrinkings (Q1977018)

The following Cauchy problem \[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}=f\left(t,x,u(t,x),\frac{\partial^{p}u}{\partial x^{p}}(t,\alpha x)\right),\quad u(0,x)=0,\tag{*} \] where \(\alpha=\alpha (t,x)\) is a given function (delay or shrinking), is considered. In the case \(p=1\) and \(\alpha\equiv 1\) it is well known by the Cauchy-Kovalevskaja theorem that, if \(f\) is an analytic function, then the Cauchy problem (*) has a unique analytic local solution. The authors study this problem (*) for \(p=2,3,\dotsc\) with additional condition \(|\alpha(t,x)|\leq \text{const}<1\). For analytic functions \(f(t,x,u,v)\) and \(\alpha (t,x)\) the existence and uniqueness of the analytic solution is proved. For the linear equation this problem was studied by A. Augustynowicz and H. Leszczynski. The authors consider also the equation \[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}=f\left(t,x,u(t,x),\frac{\partial^{p}u}{\partial x^{p}}(\alpha t,x)\right),\quad u(0,x)=0, \] where \(\alpha=\alpha (t)\), and prove the existence and uniqueness of solution \(u\), which is analytic in \(x\), without assuming analyticity of \(f(t,x,u,v)\) in \(t\) .