A construction of homogeneous matrix problems (Q1977161)

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field and \(({\mathcal A},{\mathcal B})\) a matrix problem over \(k\), that is, \(\mathcal A\) is an aggregate over \(k\) and \(\mathcal B\) is an \(\mathcal A\)-bimodule, that is, a \(k\)-linear functor from \({\mathcal A}^{op}\times{\mathcal A}\) into the category of finite dimensional vector spaces over \(k\). A \(\mathcal B\)-matrix is a pair \(X=(U,x)\), where \(U\) is an object of \(\mathcal A\) and \(x\in{\mathcal B}(U,U)\). The class of all \(\mathcal B\)-matrices together with the class of morphisms, where a morphism \((U,x)\to(V,y)\) is induced by an element \(f\in{\mathcal A}(U,V)\) satisfying \(fx=yf\), forms a new category denoted by \(\mathcal{AB}\). The paper is devoted to a class of matrix problems having the property that every indecomposable matrix \(X\) is homogeneous in the sense that there is an almost split sequence \[ 0\to X\to E\to X\to 0. \] It is shown that every matrix problem \(({\mathcal A},{\mathcal A}^*)\), where \({\mathcal A}^*\) denotes the \(\mathcal A\)-bimodule dual to \(\mathcal A\), has the property. Thanks to the results of \textit{D. Happel, U. Preiser} and \textit{C. M. Ringel} [in: Lect. Notes Math. 832, 280-294 (1980; Zbl 0446.16032) and Manuscr. Math. 31, 317-329 (1980; Zbl 0436.20005)] every indecomposable matrix in \(\mathcal{AA}^*\) belongs to a homogeneous tube of the Auslander-Reiten quiver of \(\mathcal{AA}^*\). Let \(\mathcal A\) be the aggregate of finite dimensional projective modules over the \(k\)-algebra of dual numbers. Then the matrix problem \(({\mathcal A},{\mathcal A}^*)\) corresponds to the example discovered by \textit{R. Bautista, T. Lei} and \textit{Y. Zhang} [Chin. Sci. Bull. 42, No. 2, 108-112 (1997; Zbl 0903.16013)].