Nonlinear balayage and applications (Q1977657)

The authors study a theory of nonlinear balayage in Besov-spaces. For this purpose they consider more generally the spaces \(l^q(L^p({\mathcal M}))\) of sequences of \(L^p\)-functions on a measure space \({\mathcal M}\) with \(l^q\)-summable norms and introduce their setting by a suitable integral kernel \(T\) on \({\mathbb{R}}^N\) with values in the dual space \(l^{q'}(L^{p'}({\mathcal M}))\). Nonlinear potentials on the dual \(l^{q'}(L^{p'}({\mathcal M}))\) are defined by the action of a measure \(\mu\) on \({\mathbb{R}}^N\) under this kernel \(T\). A first result characterizes the potentials exactly as the elements of \(l^{q'}(L^{p'}({\mathcal M}))\) which satisfy a certain positivity property involving \(T\). Next the notion of balayage and capacitary potentials is introduced as norm minimizing elements of certain function cones. Again a representation in terms of the integral operator is given. Moreover a number of results known in classical potential theory is extended to this framework such as the connection of capacity zero sets and polar sets. In the final section the results are applied to the situation of Besov spaces. In particular, the authors derive a result that gives a description of the tangent cone of a Besov function in a convex set. The framework of the paper is very much based on the monograph of \textit{D. R. Adams} and \textit{L. I. Hedberg} [Function spaces and potential theory (Grundlehren der math. Wiss. 314), Springer, Berlin (1995; Zbl 0834.46021)], but needs some modifications and investigates as a new aspect especially the notion of potentials in this situation.