Transitions from relative equilibria to relative periodic orbits (Q1978057)

The author of this interesting paper considers \(G\)-invariant semilinear parabolic equations \[ \partial u_i/\partial t=\delta_i\triangle u_i+f_i(u,t,\mu)\qquad(i=1,2,\dots,M). \] \(G\) is a finite-dimensional possibly non-compact symmetry group. Here \(u=(u_1,\dots,u_M)\) is a vector of concentrations of chemical species, \(u_i=u_i(x),\) \(x\in \mathbb{R}^2\), \(\delta_i\geq 0\) (diffusion coefficients), \(\mu \in \mathbb{R}^p\) (parameter), the functions \(f_i\) \((i=1,\dots,M)\) are reaction-terms which are autonomous or time-periodic. The media in which spiral waves occur can be modelled by these equations. The appearance of spiral waves observed in various chemical and biological systems (the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, catalysis on platinum surfaces, etc.) is discussed. The main theorem states that external periodic forcing leads to a transition from relative equilibria to relative periodic orbits. Other result is the existence of Hopf bifurcation from relative equilibria to relative periodic orbits using Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction. Drift phenomena caused by resonance is discussed as well.