Interior regularity results for fractional elliptic equations that degenerate with the gradient (Q1981756)

The paper studies the interior regularity of viscosity solutions to the fully nonlinear fractional equation \[ -{|Du(x)|}^\gamma\,\mathcal{I}(u,x)=f(x) \qquad\text{for }x\in B_1,\ \gamma>0,\ f\in L^\infty(B_1). \] The operator \(\mathcal{I}\) is built as \[ \mathcal{I}(u,x)=\inf_i\sup_j I_{K_{ij}}(u,x) \] where \[ I_{K_{ij}}(u,x)=P.V.\int_{\mathbb{R}^N}[u(x)-u(y)]\,K_{ij}(x-y)\;dy \] is an anisotropic fractional operator with symmetric kernel \(K_{ij}:\mathbb{R}^N\setminus\{0\}\to\mathbb{R}\) satisfying the ellipticity condition \[ \lambda\frac{C_{\sigma,N}}{{|x|}^{N+\sigma}}\leq K_{ij}(x)\leq\Lambda\frac{C_{\sigma,N}}{{|x|}^{N+\sigma}}, \qquad x\in\mathbb{R}^N\setminus\{0\}, \] for some universal constants \(\lambda,\Lambda>0\). The main difficulty resides in the degeneracy of the equation around the stationary points of \(u\): this entails that the information coming from the equation is lost at these points, posing a challenge to the a priori regularity of solutions. The authors are able to overcome this difficulty by adapting to this framework some techniques due to \textit{H. Ishii} and \textit{P. L. Lions} [J. Differ. Equations 83, No. 1, 26--78 (1990; Zbl 0708.35031)] for the local equation \[ -{|Du|}^\gamma\,F(D^2u)=f \qquad \text{in }B_1. \] In this way, they show that the solutions are \(C^{0,\sigma}_{loc}\) if \(\sigma\in(0,1)\), \(C^{0,\alpha}_{loc}\) for every \(\alpha\in(0,1)\) if \(\sigma=1\), \(C^{0,1}_{loc}\) (i.e., Lipschitz) if \(\sigma\in(1,2)\), and prove the related estimates.