Multiplicity of clines for systems of indefinite differential equations arising from a multilocus population genetics model (Q1987408)

This work discusses sufficient conditions for the presence of coexistence states for different genotypes in a diploid diallelic population with dominance distributed on a heterogeneous habitat, considering also the interaction between genes at multiple loci. In mathematical terms, this corresponds to the study of the Neumann boundary value problem \[p_1'' + \lambda_1w_1(x, p_2)f_1(p_1)=0 \ \text{in}\ \Omega,\\ p_2'' + \lambda_1w_2(x, p_1)f_2(p_2)=0 \ \text{in}\ \Omega,\\ p_1'=p_2'=0 \ \text{on}\ \partial\Omega, \] where the coupling-weights \(w_i\) are sign-changing in the first variable, and the nonlinearities \(f_i:[0,1]\to [0,+\infty)\) satisfy \(f_i(0) = f_i(1) = 0, f_i(s) > 0\) for all \(s\in(0,1)\), and a superlinear growth condition at zero. By using a topological degree approach, the authors prove existence of \(2^N\) positive fully nontrivial solutions when the real positive parameters \(\lambda_1\) and \(\lambda_2\) are sufficiently large.