On a Diophantine inequality involving prime numbers (Q1987615)

An important old problem of additive prime number theory is to study the Waring-Goldbach problem, that is the solvability of the Diophantine equation \[N=p_1^k+\ldots +p_r^k\] in prime variables \(p_1,\ldots,p_r\). There are several classical results on this problem in the literature. In the present paper the authors extend the result of \textit{R. Baker} and \textit{A. Weingartner} [Monatsh. Math. 170, No. 3--4, 261--304 (2013; Zbl 1331.11064)], proving that if \(2\leq c\leq \frac{52}{25}\), then the inequality \[|p_1^c+p_2^c+p_3^c+p_4^c+p_5^c-N| \le N^{-\frac{9}{10c}(\frac{52}{25}-c)} \] is solvable in primes \(p_1,\ldots,p_5\) for sufficiently large \(N\). The proof applies several deep results in analytical number theory.