Local asymptotic equivalence of pure states ensembles and quantum Gaussian white noise (Q1990598)

This paper concentrates on the quantum LAN theory covering nonparametric quantum models, where finite dimensional systems such as light pulses or free particles are commonly encountered in quantum physics, and their estimation is an important topic in quantum optics. The authors are interested in the set of pure states (one-dimensional projections) on infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces. Obtained minimax results can serve as a benchmark for the performance of specific methods, such as quantum homodyne tomography, by comparing their risk with the minimax risk derived in the paper. The rather long introductory part of the paper is a detailed summary of the quantum mechanics background and review of key elements of quantum statistical models. First main results is Theorem 4.1 giving local asymptotic equivalence between the nonparametric iid pure states model and the Gaussian shift model, extending thus existing LAN theory from parametric to nonparametric (infinite dimensional) models. Other main results are Theorems 5.1 and 5.3 which deal with the upper and respectively lower bound for a model consisting of an ensemble of \(n\) independent identically prepared systems in a pure state belonging to a Hermite-Sobolev class of wave functions. Section 5 details three applications of these results as asymptotic minimax rates or concrete estimation procedures for state estimation with respect to the trace-norm and Bures distances.