Epimorphisms of \(S\)-quantales (Q1991597)

The notion of (right) \(S\)-quantale was introduced in [\textit{X. Zhang} and \textit{V. Laan}, Semigroup Forum 91, No. 1, 62--70 (2015; Zbl 1346.06010)] (notice that the same concept has appeared in Section 7 of [\textit{S. M. Fakhruddin}, Acta Sci. Math. 52, No. 1--2, 85--92 (1988; Zbl 0653.06007)] under the name of ``complete (left) \(S\)-poset''). Recall that a \textit{(right) \(S\)-quantale} (\(S\)-quantale, for short) is a complete lattice \(A\) equipped with an action of a partially ordered monoid (pomonoid) \(S\), i.e., a map \(\cdot:A\times S\rightarrow A\) with the following four properties: \begin{itemize} \item[(1)] \(a\cdot(st)=(a\cdot s)\cdot t\) for every \(a \in A\) and every \(s, t\in S\); \item[(2)] \(a\cdot 1 = a\) for every \(a\in A\), where \(1\) stands for the unit element of \(S\); \item[(3)] \(a\leqslant b\) and \(s\leqslant t\) together imply \(a\cdot s\leqslant b\cdot t\) for every \(a,b\in A\) and every \(s, t\in S\); \item[(4)] \((\bigvee M)\cdot s=\bigvee\{m\cdot s\,|\,m\in M\}\) for every subset \(M\subseteq A\) and every \(s\in S\). \end{itemize} Every (unital) (right) module over a (unital) quantile \(Q\) (\(Q\)-module, for short, in the sense of, e.g., [\textit{D. Kruml} and \textit{J. Paseka}, Handb. Algebra 5, 323--362 (2008; Zbl 1219.06016)] is a \(Q\)-quantale. More precisely, apart from requiring pomonoid \(S\) to be a (unital) quantale \(Q\), \(Q\)-modules add one more condition to the above-mentioned four: \begin{itemize} \item[(5)] \(a\cdot(\bigvee N)=\bigvee\{a\cdot n\mid n\in N\}\) for every \(a\in A\) and every subset \(N\subseteq Q\) (namely, ask for distributivity from both sides of the action). \end{itemize} The paper under review considers the category \(\mathbf{Quant}_S\) of \(S\)-quantales over a pomonoid \(S\) and their morphisms, which are defined to preserve arbitrary joins and the pomonoid action. In particular, taking the analogy with quantale modules, the paper extends a number of results of [\textit{S. A. Solovyov}, Algebra Univers. 58, No. 1, 35--58 (2008; Zbl 1145.06008)] on them to the case of \(S\)-quantales. More precisely, the authors first show that the forgetful functor from the category \(\mathbf{Quant}_S\) to the category \(\mathbf{Set}\) of sets and maps has a left adjoint, and conclude that \(\mathbf{Quant}_S\) is a monadic construct (with respect to the monad generated by the obtained adjoint situation). They then prove that the category \(\mathbf{Quant}_S\) has the so-called amalgamation property, which helps them to establish that \(\mathbf{Quant}_S\)-epimorphisms are exactly the onto morphisms. The paper finishes with the result that in the category \(\mathbf{Quant}_S\), the classes of regular epimorphisms and epimorphisms coincide. The paper is well written, contains nearly all of its required preliminaries (e.g., the definition of quantale is missing), and will be of interest to all the researchers, who work with the categories of ordered algebraic structures and who are ready to dig into the technicalities of the paper proofs.