Further dense properties of the space of circle diffeomorphisms with a Liouville rotation number (Q1994006)

This paper is a continuation of \textit{S. Matsumoto}'s paper [Nonlinearity 25, No. 5, 1495--1511 (2012; Zbl 1247.37036)]. It is shown that various subspaces are \(C^{\infty}\)-dense in the space of orientation-preserving \(C^{\infty}\) diffeomorphisms of the circle with rotation number \(\alpha\), a modulus-1 Liouville number. Throughout the paper, \(F\) denotes the group of orientation-preserving \(C^{\infty}\)-diffeomorphisms of the circle, for \(\alpha \in \mathbb{S}^1\), \(F_{\alpha}\) denotes the subspace of \(F\) consisting of all the \(C^{\infty}\)-diffeomorphisms of the circle with rotation number \(\alpha\). If \(\alpha\) is irrational and \(f \in F_{\alpha}\), there exists a unique orientation-preserving homeomorphism \(H_f\) of the circle that fixes \(0\) and conjugates \(f\) with the rotation by \(\alpha\). For \(\alpha\) a Liouville number, in the aforementioned paper [loc. cit.], Matsumoto considered several subspaces of \(F_{\alpha}\) according to the regularity of \(H_f\): \begin{itemize} \item[1.] \(G_{0,\mathrm{sing}}\): \(H_f\) is singular and is not \(d\)-Hölder for any \(d\in (0,1)\). \item[2.] \(G_{0,ac}\): \(H_f\) is absolutely continuous and is not \(d\)-Hölder for any \(d\in (0,1)\). \item[3.] \(G_{\beta}\): \( \beta \in (0,1)\), \(H_f\) is bi-Hölder, but is not \(d\)-Hölder for any \(d\in (\beta ,1)\). \item[4.] \(G_{1,\mathrm{sing}}\): \(H_f\) is singular and is bi-\(d\)-Hölder for any \(d\in (0,1)\). \item[5.] \(G_{1,ac}\): \(H_f\) is absolutely continuous and is not \(d\)-Hölder for any \(d\in (0,1)\), but is not bi-Lipschitz. \item[6.] \(G_k\): \(k\in \mathbb{N}\), \( H_f\) is a \(C^k\)-diffeomorphism, but is not a \(C^{k+1}\)-diffeomorphism. \end{itemize} The author mentions that Matsumoto proved the \(C^{\infty}\)-density of \(G_{0,sing}\) in \(F_{\alpha}\). In this paper, the density of subsequent subspaces \(G_{\beta}\) in \(F_{\alpha}\) is examined. Theorem 1 reads as follows: Theorem 1. For any Liouville number \(\alpha\) and for any \( \beta \in (0,1)\) the subspaces: 1. \(G_{\beta ,\mathrm{sing}}\): \(H_f\) is singular, bi-\(\beta\)-Hölder, but is not \(d\)-Hölder for any \(d \in (\beta,1)\) 2. \(G_{\beta,ac}\): \(H_f\) is absolutely continuous, bi-\(\beta\)-Hölder, but is not \(d\)-Hölder for any \(d \in (\beta,1)\) are \(C^{\infty}\)-dense in \(F_{\alpha}\). This statement was conjectured by Matsumoto. The second main result in the paper deals with the density in \(F_{\alpha}\) (\(\alpha\) a modulus 1 Liouville number) of \(C^{\infty}\)-diffeomorphisms of the circle which are orbit equivalent to an odometer with a given product type. The remaining of the paper is devoted to the proof of these two theorems.