Entropy numbers of bilinear operators and related classes of type \(\ell_{p,q} \) (Q1996155)

In this interesting paper, the authors introduce the notion of entropy numbers of bilinear operators. The entropy numbers of certain classes of bilinear operators are estimated. For instance, if \(T:X\times Y\rightarrow Z\) is a bilinear operator between Banach spaces over the real scalar field, with rank \(m\), it is shown that \[ C2^{-\left( k-1\right) /m}\leq e_{k}\left( T\right) \leq 2f_{k}\left( T\right) \leq 4\left\Vert T\right\Vert 2^{-\left( k-1\right) /m}, \] where \(C\) is a positive constant, \(e_{k}\left( T\right) \) is the \(k\)-th (outer) entropy number of \(T\) and \(f_{k}\left( T\right) \) is the \(k\)-th (inner) entropy number of \(T\). A partial converse of this result is also proved. It is observed that entropy numbers of bilinear operators are pseudo \(s\)-numbers and the associated quasi norms and interpolation properties are investigated. In the last section of the paper, the authors investigate adjoints \(T^{\times }\) of bilinear operators \(T\) in the sense of \textit{M. S. Ramanujan} and \textit{E. Schock} [Linear Multilinear Algebra 18, 307--318 (1985; Zbl 0607.47042)] and obtain estimates for the entropy numbers of \(T^{\times }\) and \(T^{\times \times }\). A~bilinear version of a result of \textit{D. E. Edmunds} and \textit{H. O. Tylli} [Math. Nachr. 126, 231--239 (1986; Zbl 0625.47015] is obtained.