Topological characteristic factors along cubes of minimal systems (Q2000210)

A topological dynamical system is a pair \((X, T)\) where \(X\) is a compact metric space and \(T \colon X\to X\) is a homeomorphism and the orbit of \(x\in X\) is given by \(\mathcal{O}(x, T) =\{T^n(x) \colon n \in \mathbb{Z}\}\). A topological dynamical system \((X, T)\) is called minimal provided that \(\overline{\mathcal{O}(x, T) }=X\) if for every \(x\in X\). In the paper the authors present a study of the topological characteristic factors along cubes of minimal systems. The following theorem is one of the result of this paper: Theorem. Let \((X, T)\) be a minimal topological dynamical system and \(d\geq1\) be an integer. Let \(\pi\colon (X, T) \to (Z_{d-1}, T)\) be the factor map to the maximal \((d-1)\)-step pro-nilfactor. Then there is a commutative diagram of homomorphisms of minimal topological dynamical systems \setlength\unitlength{0.8cm} \begin{center} \begin{picture}(5,5)(0,0) \put(1.9,4){\vector(3,0){2}} \put(0.6,3.9){\(X^{\prime}\)} \put(4,3.9){\(X\)} \put(2.6,4.2){\scriptsize{\(\theta^{\prime}\)}} \put(1.1,3.7){\vector(0,-1){1.9}} \put(0.9,1.2){\(Y^{\prime}\)} \put(0.5,2.6){\scriptsize{\(\pi^{\prime}\)}} \put(4.5,3.7){\vector(0,-1){1.9}} \put(3.9,1.3){\(Z_{d-1}\)} \put(4.6,2.6){\scriptsize{\(\pi\)}} \put(2,1.4){\vector(2,0){1.9}} \put(2.7,0.9){\scriptsize{\(\theta\)}} \end{picture} \end{center} such that \((Y^{\prime}, T)\) is the topological cubic characteristic factor of order \(d\) of \((X^{\prime}, T)\) and \(\theta, \theta^{\prime}\) are proximal extensions. This article is very interesting and very useful, mainly because of the used techniques.