Large time behaviour of solutions to the 3D-NSE in \(\mathcal{X}^\sigma\) spaces (Q2011272)

The aim of this paper is to study the large time behaviour in Fourier norms of the solution to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in three spatial dimensions \[ \left\{\begin{array}{rl} &\partial_tu-\Delta u+u.\nabla u=-\nabla p\mbox{ in }\mathbb{R}^+\times\mathbb{R}^3\\ &\mbox{div }u=0\mbox{ in }\mathbb{R}^+\times\mathbb{R}^3\\ &u(0,x)=u0(x)\mbox{ in }\mathbb{R}^3 \end{array}\right.,\tag{NS} \] where \(u=u(t, x)=(u_1, u_2, u_3)\) and \(p=p(t, x)\) denote, respectively, the unknown velocity and the unknown pressure of the fluid at the point \((t, x)\in\mathbb{R}^+\times\mathbb{R}^3\), and \((u.\nabla u):=u_1\partial_1u+u_2\partial_2u+u_3\partial_3u\), while \(u^0=(u^o_1(x), u^o_2(x), u^o_3(x))\) is an initial given velocity. If \(u^0\) is quite regular, the divergence free condition determines the pressure \(p\). In this paper, it is assumed the viscosity is unitary \((\nu=1)\) in order to simplify the calculations and the proofs of the results. Here the study of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is done in \(L^2(\mathbb{R}^3)\cap\mathcal{X}^{-1}(\mathbb{R}^3)\). In the global existence case, the authors establish that, if the solution \(u\) is in the space \(\mathcal{C}(\mathbb{R}^+,L^2\cap \mathcal{X}^{-1})\), then, for \(\sigma>-3/2\), the decay of \(\|u(t)\|_{X^\sigma}\) is at least of the order of \(t^{-(2\sigma+3)/4}\). Fourier analysis and standard techniques are used. This paper is organized as follows: the first section is an introduction to the subject. In the second section, the authors give some notations, definitions and preliminary results. The third section is devoted to prove the well-posedness of (NS) in \(L^2\cap \mathcal{X}^{-1}\) space, this proof uses the fixed point theorem with a good choice of space \(X=C\left([0, T],L^2\cap \mathcal{X}^{-1})\cap L^1([0, T], \mathcal{X}^1\right)\). In the forth section, the authors prove the decay of global solutions in \(L^2\cap \mathcal{X}^{-1}\), this proof uses a Fourier analysis and standard techniques and the last part of this section is devoted to prove the decay results of the global solution in \(\mathcal{X}^\sigma\), this proof uses in a fundamental way the decay in \(L^2\cap \mathcal{X}^{-1}\).