Centers and generalized centers of nearrings without identity (Q2014397)

As for rings, the \textit{center} of a nearring is the subset of elements that commute multiplicatively with all the other elements in the nearring. But unlike the ring case, for nearrings the center need not be a sub-nearring. If it is required that an element only commute with all the distributive elements of the nearring, then the \textit{generalized center} is obtained and this subset is a sub-nearring of the nearring. The authors construct three types of nearrings, all without multiplicative identities, and determine the center and generalized center for each. Many examples are given to illustrate or to justify the restrictions imposed on the results.