Real analytic expansion of spectral projections and extension of the Hecke-Bochner identity (Q2017158)

Let \(\lambda\in\mathbb R\setminus\{0\}\) and \(\mathbb H\) be a separable Hilbert space. Let \(W_1,\dots, W_n, W_1^+,\dots, W_n^+\) be unbounded operators on \(\mathbb H\) satisfying \(W_j^+ = W_j^\ast\) and \([W_j^+, -W_j] =\frac{\lambda}{2}I\), \(j = 1,2,\dots,n,\) on a dense subspace \(\mathcal D\) of \(\mathbb H\) and all other commutators are zero. Consider a polynomial \(P(z) = z_1^2\bar z_1\). In general, the question asked by Weyl about the possible expression for \(P(W,W^+)\) is still open. In 1984, D.~Geller partially answered Weyl's question about the operator analogue of the harmonic polynomials. Let \(z\in\mathbb C^n\). For \(\alpha,\beta\in\mathbb N^n\) and \(P(z) = z^\alpha \bar z^\beta\), define \(\tau(P) = (W^+)^\beta W^\alpha\) and \(\tau'(P) = W^\alpha(W^+)^\beta.\) The maps \(\tau\) and \(\tau'\) can be linearly extended to any polynomial on \(\mathbb C^n\). Geller proved that for any harmonic polynomial \(P\), \(\tau(P) = \tau'(P)\). Using this, an analogue of the Hecke-Bochner identity for the Weyl transform has been derived. A continuous function \(f\) on \(\mathbb R^n\) can be decomposed in terms of spherical harmonics as \[ f(x) =\sum_{k=0}^\infty \alpha_{k,j}(\rho)Y_{k,j}(\omega),\tag{1} \] where \(x = \rho\omega\), \(\rho = |x|\), \(\omega \in S^{n-1}\) and \(\{Y_{k,j}(\omega) : 1,2,\dots,d_k\}\) is an orthonormal basis for the space \(V_k\) of homogeneous harmonic polynomials in \(n\) variables of degree \(k\), restricted to the unit sphere \(S^{n-1}\), while the series in the right-hand side converges locally uniformly to \(f\). The well-known Hecke-Bochner identity says that the Fourier transform of any piece in the above decomposition (1) is preserved. That is, the Fourier transform of \(\tilde\alpha P_k \in L^1\)(or \(L^2\)) satisfies \(\widehat{\tilde\alpha P_k}(x) =\tilde b(|x|)P_k(x)\), where \(P_k\) is a solid spherical harmonic of degree \(k\). An analogue of the Hecke-Bochner identity for the spectral projections \(f\times\varphi_k^{n-1}\) for a function \(f \in L^1\)(or \(L^2\)) is obtained in the monograph [\textit{S. Thangavelu}, An introduction to the uncertainty principle. Hardy's theorem on Lie groups. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser (2004; Zbl 1188.43010), p. 70]. Using the Weyl correspondence of the spherical harmonics, the author gives a much simpler proof of this result. Further, the author extends this result for \(f \in L^p(\mathbb C^n)\) with \(1 \leq p\leq \infty\). As another application of the Weyl correspondence of the spherical harmonics, the author proves that the sphere \(S_R(0) = \{z \in\mathbb C^n : |z| = R\}\) is a set of injectivity for the twisted spherical means with real analytic weight, for the radial functions on \(\mathbb C^n\). Since the Laguerre function \(\varphi_k^{n-1}\) is an eigenfunction of the special Hermite operator \(A =-\Delta_z +\frac{1}{4}|z|^2\) with eigenvalue \(2k + n\), the projection \(f\times\varphi_k^{n-1}\) is also an eigenfunction of \(A\) with eigenvalue \(2k + n\). As \(A\) is an elliptic operator and the eigenfunction of an elliptic operator is real analytic, the projection \(f\times\varphi_k^{n-1}\) must be a real analytic function on \(\mathbb C^n\). As a consequence of the Weyl correspondence, the author derives an important real analytic expansion into a Hecke-Bochner-Laguerre series for the spectral projections \(f\times\varphi_k^{n-1}\)'s for the function \(f \in L^2(\mathbb C^n)\). As an application of the expansion for the spectral projections \(f\times\varphi_k^{n-1}\), the author shows that any complex cone is a set of injectivity for the twisted spherical means for \(L^p(\mathbb C^n)\), \(1\leq p\leq 2\), as long as it does not lie on the level surface of any bigraded homogeneous harmonic polynomial on \(\mathbb C^n\).