Transverse properties of parabolic subgroups of Garside groups (Q2022787)

Garside groups are some generalization of braid groups and, more generally, Artin groups of spherical type. Subgroups of a Garside group which are generated by subsets of generators of a standard presentation are called standard parabolic subgroups. Parabolic subgroups play a prominent role in the study of Artin groups in general and in that of Artin groups of spherical type in particular. Let \(G\) be a Garside group that is generated by a set of non-trivial simple elements \(S\), and let \(H\) be a parabolic subgroup of \(G\). A (right) transversal of \(H\) in \(G\) is a subset \(T\) of \(G\) such that \(C \cap T\) is a singleton for every right-coset \(C\) of \(H\) in \(G\). The authors determine a transversal \(T\) of \(H\) in \(G\) such that each \(\theta \in T\) is of minimal length in its right-coset, \(H \theta\), for the word length with respect to \(S\). Also, they show that there exists a regular language \(L\) on \(S \cup S^{-1}\) and a bijection \(ev : L \to T\) satisfying \(lg(U) = lg_S(ev(U))\) for all \(U \in L\). From this they deduce that the coset growth series \[ Gr_{G,H,S}(t) = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} e(n) t^n \] of \(H\) in \(G\) is rational (here \(e(n) = e_{G,H,S}(n)\) is the number of right-cosets of \(H\) in \(G\) of length \(n\)). Finally, it is shown that \((G, S)\) has fellow projections but does not have bounded projections on \(H\) (if \(H \not= G\)). This is the first known example of a triple \((G, S, H)\) where \((G, S)\) has the falsification by the fellow traveller property, has fellow projections on \(H\), and does not have bounded projections on \(H\).