Numerical index and Daugavet property of operator ideals and tensor products (Q2023329)

Let \(X\) be a real Banach space and denote by \(S_{X}\) the unit sphere of \(X\), by \(X^\ast\) the dual of \(X\), and by \( \mathcal{L}(X)\) the space of all bounded linear operators on \(X.\) Then for a \(T \in \mathcal{L}(X)\), the numerical radius of \(T\) is \[ v(T)=\sup \left\{\left|x^{*}(T x)\right|: x \in S_{X},\, x^{*} \in S_{X^{*}},\, x^{*}(x)=1\right\} \] The numerical index of the space \(X\) is the constant \(n(X)\) defined by \[ n(X):=\inf \{v(T): T \in \mathcal{L}(X),\,\|T\|=1\}. \] The numerical index was introduced by Lumer in 1968 [\textit{J. Duncan} et al., J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 2, 481--488 (1970; Zbl 0197.10402)]. Let \(X\) and \(Y\) be Banach spaces. The authors first prove that for every operator ideal \(\mathcal{Z}(X,Y)\) of \(\mathcal{L}(X,Y)\) one has that \(n(\mathcal{Z}(X,Y))\leq \min\{n(X),n(Y)\}\). They also show that the numerical index of the projective \(X \hat{\otimes}_{\pi} Y\) and the injective \(X \hat{\otimes}_{\varepsilon} Y\) tensor product of \(X\) and \(Y\) is less than or equal to \(\min\{n(X),n(Y)\}\). In the last section of the paper, the authors study sufficient conditions under which \(X\) inherits the Daugavet property from \(X \hat{\otimes}_{\pi} Y\) or \(X \hat{\otimes}_{\varepsilon} Y\).