On the expansion formula for a class of Sturm-Liouville operators (Q2026676)

In this paper, the authors consider the scattering problem for the Sturm-Liouville operator \[ L_{\lambda}u:= -u''+q(x)u=\lambda^{2}u\tag{1} \] on the half-line \([0,\infty)\) with boundary conditions \[ P_{1}(\lambda)u(0)+P_{1}(\lambda)u'(0)=0,\tag{2} \] where \(q(x)\) is a real-valued function satisfying the condition \(\int_{0}^{\infty}(1+x)|q(x)| dx <\infty\) and \[ P_{1}(\lambda)=\alpha_{0}+i\alpha_{1}\lambda+\alpha^{2}_{1}\lambda^{2},\quad P_{2}(\lambda)=\beta_{0}+i\beta_{1}\lambda+\beta^{2}_{1}\lambda^{2}, \] \(\alpha_{i},\beta_{i}\) are real, \(\alpha_{0}\beta_{1}-\alpha_{1}\beta_{0}<0\), \(\alpha_{1}\beta_{2}-\alpha_{2}\beta_{1}=0\) and \(\alpha_{2}\beta_{0}-\alpha_{0}\beta_{2}>0\). First, the authors define the scattering data and give some special solutions of the equation (1). They obtain the asymptotic formula for the scattering function as follow: \[ S(\lambda)=S_{0}+O(\frac{1}{\lambda}), \quad|\lambda|\longrightarrow\infty, \] where \( S_{0}=-1\) \(\beta_{2}\neq 0\), and \( S_{0}=\frac{\alpha_{2}+\beta_{1}}{\alpha_{2}-\beta_{1}}\) if \(\beta_{2}= 0\). Moreover, \(S(\lambda)-S_{0} \in L_{2}(-\infty, \infty)\). Then, applying the method of variation of constants and using the properties of the solutions of the equation (1), they find the expression of the resolvent operator \(R_{\lambda}=(L_{\lambda}-\lambda^{2} I)^{-1}\), where \(I\) is the identity operator. Finally, a constructive procedure is presented to find the potential \(q(x)\).