Multi-orbital frames through model spaces (Q2027978)

This paper can be considered as a continuation of research initiated by a time-space sampling problem, [\textit{A. Aldroubi} et al., Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 42, No. 3, 378--401 (2017; Zbl 1412.94140)]. There, the authors characterize the diagonalizable operators \(A\) and vectors \(f\) from a Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H}\) such that the orbit \( \{ A^n f \}_{n \geq 0} \) is a frame for \(\mathcal{H}\). Thereafter, the theory is extended to normal operators in [\textit{A. Aldroubi} et al., J. Funct. Anal. 272, No. 3, 1121--1146 (2017; Zbl 1361.46010)]. Then \( \{ A^n f \}_{n \geq 0} \) is a frame for \(\mathcal{H}\) if and only if the sequence of eigenvalues \(\{ \lambda_j \} \) is an interpolating sequence for the Hardy space of the disk \( H^2 (\mathbb{D})\) and \[ f = \{ d_j (1 - |\lambda_j |^2)^{1/2} \;\; : \;\; j \in \mathbb{N} \} \in l^2 (\mathbb{N}), \] where \( d_j \in [1/c, c]\) for all \(j\in \mathbb{N}\) and some \(c>0\). An extension to more vectors is given in [\textit{C. Cabrelli} et al., J. Anal. Math. 140, No. 2, 637--667 (2020; Zbl 1455.94083)]. The present paper offers a different characterization for frames of the form \[ \{ A^n f_j, \;\; n \in \mathbb{N}, \;\; 1 \leq j \leq m \} \] in terms of normal operators, eigenvalues, and elements \(f_j \in l^2 (\mathbb{N})\). This is a more intuitive and geometric characterization with respect to previous ones, since it makes strong use of the pseudo-hyperbolic metric of \(\mathbb{D}\). As a result of independent interest, the authors give an upper bound for the Bessel constant of the difference of normalized reproducing kernels in \( H^2 (\mathbb{D})\).