On the Hodge structures of compact hyper-Kähler manifolds (Q2028617)

Let \(X\) be a compact, simply connected hyper-Kähler manifold. This article concerns the following question: To what extent does the Hodge structure on \(H^2(X,\mathbb Q)\) determine the Hodge structure on the full (rational) cohomology algebra of \(X\)? After briefly introducing the necessary prerequisites in Section 2, the author gives a precise answer to this question in Section 3. Here is a slightly more detailed description. Let \(q\) be the Beauville-Bogomolov-Fujiki (BBF) form of \(X\), and let \(V\) be the \(\mathbb Q\)-vector space underlying \(H^2(X,\mathbb Q)\). Furthermore, denote by \(\mathcal G(X)\) the group of graded algebra automorphisms of \(H^\bullet(X,\mathbb Q)\) that stabilize the Pontryagin classes of \(X\), and by \(\mathcal G^+(X)\) the automorphism group of \(H^{2\bullet}(X,\mathbb Q)\) that stabilize the Pontryagin classes. There exists a natural homomorphism \(\mathcal G(X)\to \mathcal G^+(X)\). The author first proves that there exists a homomorphism \(\mathcal G^+(X)\to \mathrm{O}(V,q)\), whose image is denoted by \(\mathcal J^+\). The set of elements of \(\mathcal J^+\) that come from \(\mathcal G(X)\) is called \(\mathcal J\). With this notation, we can state the main result of the article. Let \(I_1\) and \(I_2\) be two complex structures of hyper-Kähler type on the same simply connected, compact smooth manifold \(X\). Assume that \(\varphi: H^2(X_{I_1},\mathbb Q)\to H^2(X_{I_2},\mathbb Q)\) is an element of \(\mathrm{O}(V,q)\) which is compatible with the corresponding Hodge decompositions. Then: \begin{itemize} \item if \(\varphi\in \mathcal J\), it extends to an isomorphism of rational Hodge structures \(\psi:H^{\bullet}(X_{I_1},\mathbb Q)\to H^{\bullet}(X_{I_2},\mathbb Q)\) which also respects the graded algebra structure. \item if \(\varphi\in \mathcal J^+\), then it extends to an isomorphism of rational Hodge structures \(\psi:H^{2\bullet}(X_{I_1},\mathbb Q)\to H^{2\bullet}(X_{I_2},\mathbb Q)\) which respects the graded algebra structure. \end{itemize} Applying this result in the case where \(I_1\) and \(I_2\) define the same rational Hodge structure on \(H^2(X,\mathbb Q)\) and taking \(\varphi\) to be the identity map, one easily deduces that such complex structures define the same rational Hodge structure on the full cohomology algebra of \(X\).