Center-like subsets in prime rings with derivations and endomorphisms (Q2029464)

One of the most important concept in ring theory is the concept of prime ring. Let \(R\) be a ring and let \(Z(R)\) be the center of \(R\). In this paper, the authors introduce the following subsets of \(R\) called center-like subsets. \begin{enumerate} \item \(Z^*(R;d_1;d_2)=\{y \in R|[x,y]=[d_1(y),d_2(x)]\) for all \(x \in R\}\); \item \(Z^{**}(R;d_1;d_2)=\{y \in R|[x,y]=[d_1(x),d_2(y)]\) for all \(x \in R\}\); \item \(Z_1(R;d_1;d_2)=\{y \in R|[d_1(x),d_2(y)]=[d_2(y),x]+[y,d_1(x)]\) for all \(x \in R\}\); \end{enumerate} In the case of \(R\) is a \(2\)-torsion free prime ring and \(d_1, d_2\) are nonzero derivations of \(R\), then \(Z_1(R;d_1;d_2)=Z_2(U;d)=Z(R)\), where \(U\) is a nonzero ideal of \(R\), \(d\) is a derivation on \(R\), and \(Z_2(U;d)=\{y\in U|d([x,y])=0\) for all \(x \in U\}\). Furthermore, \(Z_3(U;d)=Z(R)\), where \(Z_3(U;d)=\{y \in U|[x,y]=d([x,y])\) for all \(x \in R\}\).