Inverted orbits of exclusion processes, diffuse-extensive-amenability, and (non-?)amenability of the interval exchanges (Q2032440)

Summary: The recent breakthrough works [9,11,12] which established the amenability for new classes of groups, lead to the following question: is the action \(W(\mathbb{Z}^d)\curvearrowright \mathbb{Z}^d\) extensively amenable? (Where \(W(\mathbb{Z}^d)\) is the wobbling group of permutations \(\sigma:\mathbb{Z}^d\to\mathbb{Z}^d\) with bounded range). This is equivalent to asking whether the action \((\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})^{(\mathbb{Z}^d)} \rtimes W(\mathbb{Z}^d) \curvearrowright (\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})^{(\mathbb{Z}^d)}\) is amenable. The \(d=1\) and \(d=2\) and have been settled respectively in [9, 11]. By [12], a positive answer to this question would imply the amenability of the IET group. In this work, we give a partial answer to this question by introducing a natural strengthening of the notion of extensive-amenability which we call \textit{diffuse-extensive-amenability}. Our main result is that for any bounded degree graph \(X\), the action \(W(X)\curvearrowright X\) is diffuse-extensively amenable if and only if \(X\) is recurrent. Our proof is based on the construction of suitable stochastic processes \((\tau_t)_{t\geq 0}\) on \(W(X)< \mathfrak{S}(X)\) whose \textit{inverted orbits} \[ \bar O_t(x_0) = \{x\in X:\text{there exists } s\leq t\mathrm{s.t.}\tau_s(x)=x_0\}=\bigcup_{0\leq s\leq t} \tau_s^{-1}(\{x_0\}) \] are exponentially unlikely to be sub-linear when \(X\) is transient. This result leads us to conjecture that the action \(W(\mathbb{Z}^d)\curvearrowright \mathbb{Z}^d\) is not extensively amenable when \(d\geq 3\) and that a different route towards the (non-?)amenability of the IET group may be needed.