Continuity of the data-to-solution map for the FORQ equation in Besov spaces. (Q2034057)

The authors consider the FORQ equation: \[u_{t}+u^{2}u_{x}-u_{x}^{3}+(1-\partial_{x}^{2})^{-1}\partial_{x}(\frac{2}{3}u^{3}+uu_{x}^{2})+(1-\partial_{x}^{2})^{-1}(\frac{1}{3}u_{x}^{3})=0,\] with the initial condition: \[u(x,0)=u_{0}(x)\in B_{p,r}^{s}(\mathbb{R}), \] where \((1-\partial_{x}^{2})^{-1}f=\mathcal{F}^{-1}(\frac{1}{1+\xi^{2}}\widehat{f}(\xi))\). The main result of the paper proves that if \(s>\max\{2+\frac{1}{p},\frac{5}{2}\}\), with \(p\in(1,\infty]\) and \(r\in\lbrack 1,\infty)\), the data-to-solution map associated with the above problem is not uniformly continuous from \(B_{p,r}^{s}(\mathbb{R})\) to \(C([0;T];B_{p,r}^{s}(\mathbb{R}))\). For the proof, the authors recall properties of the Littlewood-Paley decomposition and of Besov spaces. They then build two sequences of initial data \(u_{0,n}\) and \(v_{0,n}\), which converge to each other as \(n\rightarrow\infty\) in \(B_{p,r}^{s}(\mathbb{R})\), and they prove that the corresponding solutions, denoted \(u_{n}\) and \(v_{n}\), satisfy \(\lim\inf_{n\rightarrow\infty}\left\Vert u_{n}-v_{n}\right\Vert_{B_{p,r}^{s}(\mathbb{R})}\geq ct\), for a positive constant \(c\) and for \(t\) small enough, which proves that these solutions remain bounded away from each other for any positive time. The authors recall a local well-posedness result for the above problem and they introduce the solution to a linear transport equation to prove estimates and convergence results.