The error term in the Cesàro mean of the prime pair singular series (Q2039512)

\textit{G. H. Hardy} and \textit{J. E. Littlewood} [Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 19, 245--254 (1919; JFM 47.0885.05)], conjectured an asymptotic formula for the number of prime pairs differing by \(k\), where \(k\) is a positive integer. For \(\Lambda(\cdot)\) denoting the von Mangoldt function, the conjecture could be stated as follows \begin{align*} \sum_{n\leq N}\Lambda(n)\Lambda(n+k)\sim \mathfrak{S}(k) N, \quad N\rightarrow\infty \end{align*} where \(\mathfrak{S}(k)\) is called the singular series defined as \begin{align*} \mathfrak{S}(k)=\begin{cases} \displaystyle{2\prod_{p>2}\left(1-\frac{1}{(p-1)^2}\right)\prod_{\substack{p\mid k\\ p>2}}\left(\frac{p-1}{p-2}\right)}\quad&\text{if \(k\) is even}, \\ 0\quad&\text{if \(k\) is odd}. \end{cases} \end{align*} For the Cesàro mean of the singular series \(\mathfrak{S}(k)\), we have the following asymptotic formula \begin{align*} \sum_{k\geq x}(x-k)\mathfrak{S}(k) =\frac{1}{2}x^2-\frac{1}{2}x\log x+\frac{1}{2}(1-\gamma-\log 2\pi)x+E(x), \end{align*} where \(E(x)\) is the error term. By [\textit{J. B. Friedlander} and \textit{D. A. Goldston}, Ill. J. Math. 39, No. 1, 158--180 (1995; Zbl 0814.11048)] and [\textit{H. L. Montgomery} and \textit{K. Soundararajan}, Bolyai Soc. Math. Stud. 11, 507--514 (2002; Zbl 1095.11043)], we have \(\displaystyle{E(x)\ll x^{\frac{1}{2}+\epsilon}}\) and \textit{R. C. Vaughan} [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 82, No. 3, 533--553 (2001; Zbl 1037.11060)], proved \(\displaystyle{E(x)\ll x^{\frac{1}{2}}\exp\left(-c\frac{(\log 2x)^{3/5}}{(\log \log 3x)^{1/5}}\right)}\) for some \(c>0\).\\ In this paper, the authors prove an omega result for the growth of \(E(x)\) using Landau's oscillation theorem, [\textit{H. L. Montgomery} and \textit{R. C. Vaughan}, Multiplicative number theory. I. Classical theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2007; Zbl 1142.11001), Lemma 15.1], which enables them getting around of not having an available explicit formula for the Cesàro mean of \(\mathfrak{S}(k)\). They obtain \begin{align*} E(x)=\Omega_{\pm}(x^{1/4}), \quad x\rightarrow\infty, \end{align*} by showing the quantitative form \begin{align*} \limsup_{x\rightarrow\infty}\frac{E(x)}{x^{\frac{1}{4}}}\geq |c_1|, \quad\quad\text{and}\quad\quad \liminf_{x\rightarrow\infty}\frac{E(x)}{x^{\frac{1}{4}}}\leq -|c_1| \end{align*} where \(c_1\) is a constant defined in terms of \(\rho_1=1/2+i\gamma_1\), the first zero of the Riemann zeta function that one encounters when moving up the half line from the real axis, with \(\gamma_1=14.1347725\dots\).