Initial data rigidity results (Q2042362)

An initial data set \((M^n, g, K)\) is a Riemannian manifold \((M, g)\) equipped with the symmetric \((0, 2)\)-tensor \(K\). Initial data sets have had an important role in solving the Einstein constraint equations, in geometric measure theory and in mathematical physics. Several authors study the initial data sets [\textit{D. A. Lee}, Geometric relativity. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2019; Zbl 07124831); the third author, Trans. Am. Math. Soc., (8) 372, 5851--5868 (2019; Zbl 1439.53043); the second author, Gen. Relativity Gravit. (3) 50, Art. 32, 7 p. (2018; Zbl 1392.83005); \textit{E. Bryden} et al., J. Geom. Anal. 31, No. 4, 4191--4239 (2021; Zbl 1466.83022); \textit{E. Bryden}, Pac. J. Math., 305, 89--152 (2020; Zbl 1435.53033); the first author et al., J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 18, No. 1, 83--121 (2016; Zbl 1341.53067)]. The principal objective in this paper is to prove rigidity results for the spacetime positive mass theorem. The authors investigate the rigidity result for the marginally outer trapped surface in \(n\)-dimensional, \(3\leq n \leq 7\), compact-with-boundary initial data sets (Theorem 1.2, Theorem 1.3 and Corollary 1.4).