\(\tau\)-exceptional sequences (Q2042924)

A sequence \((E_1,\dots, E_n)\) of objects in an abelian category \(\mathcal{C}\) is called \textit{exceptional} if \begin{enumerate} \item \(\mathrm{Hom}(E_i,E_i)\) is a division ring for each \(i\); \item \(\mathrm{Hom}(E_j,E_i)=0\) for \(j>i\); \item \(\mathrm{Ext}^{\ell} (E_j, E_i)=0\) for \(j\ge i\) and \(\ell\ge 1\). \end{enumerate} An exceptional sequence is \textit{complete} (or \textit{full}) if it generates the derived category of \(\mathcal{C}\). For the category of finite-dimensional modules over a finite-dimensional algebra \(\Lambda\) this happens if and only if the length of the exceptional sequence coincides with the number of simple modules over \(\Lambda\). Complete exceptional sequences always exist over hereditary algebras, but not over an arbitrary algebra. Recently, \textit{K. Igusa} and \textit{G.Todorov} introduced in [``Statistical analysis and parameter selection for mapper'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1706.0204}] the notion of \textit{signed exceptional sequence}. For the category \(\mathrm{mod}\Lambda\) of finite-dimensional modules over a finite-dimensional algebra \(\Lambda\) these sequences can be defined as follows. A \textit{signed exceptional sequence} is a sequence \((E_1,\dots, E_t)\) of objects in the full subcategory \(\mathcal{C}(\Lambda) = \mathrm{mod} \Lambda \coprod \mathrm{mod} \Lambda)[1]\) of \(D^b(\mathrm{mod}\Lambda)\) such that \begin{enumerate} \item \(\left( |E_1|,\dots, |E_t| \right)\) is an exceptional sequence in \(\mathrm{mod}\Lambda\); \item for each \(i\), either \(E_i \in \mathcal{A}_i := |E_{i+1} \coprod \dots \coprod E_t|^\perp\) or \(E_i = P[1]\) where \(P\) is an indecomposable projective object in \(\mathcal{A}_i\). \end{enumerate} Here \(|E| =E\) and \(|P[1]| =P\) for \(E\) and \(P\) in \(\mathrm{mod}\Lambda\). In the present article, the authors introduce the notions of \(\tau\)-\textit{exceptional} and \textit{signed \(\tau\)-exceptional sequences}. Here \(\tau\) stands for the Auslander-Reiten translation. To define these sequences one needs the notions of \(\tau\)-rigid and support \(\tau\)-rigid objects. An object \(M \coprod P[1]\) in \(\mathcal{C}(\Lambda)\) is called \textit{support \(\tau\)-rigid} if \begin{enumerate} \item the object \(M\) lies in \(\mathrm{mod}\Lambda\) and \(\mathrm{Hom}(M,\tau M) =0\); \item the object \(P\) is \(\mathrm{Ext}\)-projective and \(\mathrm{Hom}(P,M)=0\). \end{enumerate} If \(P=0\), one recovers the usual notion of \textit{\(\tau\)-rigid} object in \(\mathrm{mod}\Lambda\). A support \(\tau\)-rigid object \(M \coprod P[1]\) is called a {support \(\tau\)-tilting} if the number of indecomposable summands in \(M \coprod P[1]\) coincides with the number of indecomposable summands in \(\Lambda_\Lambda\). Let \(U\) be an indecomposable \(\tau\)-rigid object. It was shown in [\textit{G. Jasso}, Int. Math. Res. Not. 2015, No. 16, 7190--7237 (2015; Zbl 1357.16028)] that the category \(J(U) := U^\perp \cap {}^\perp (\tau U)\) is equivalent to the category of finite dimensional modules over a finite-dimensional algebra \(\Lambda_U\). The authors extend this equivalence to the equivalence between \(\mathcal{C}(J(U))\) and \(\mathcal{C}(\mathrm{mod} \Lambda_U)\). For a positive integer \(t\), on ordered \(t\)-tuple \((U_1, \dots, U_t)\) of indecomposable objects in \(\mathcal{C}(\Lambda)\) is called a \textit{signed \(\tau\)-exceptional sequence} if \(U_t\) is a support \(\tau\)-rigid object in \(\mathcal{C}\left( \Lambda \right)\) and \(\left( U_1, \dots, U_{t-1} \right)\) is a signed \(\tau\)-exceptional sequence in \(\mathcal{C}\left( J\left( U_t \right) \right)\simeq \mathcal{C}(\mathrm{mod}\Lambda_{U_i})\). A signed \(\tau\)-exceptional sequence \(\left( U_1,\dots, U_t \right)\) in which every \(U_i\) lies in \(\mathrm{mod}\Lambda\) is called a \textit{\(\tau\)-exceptional sequence}. The authors show that any finite-dimensional algebra has a complete (signed or unsigned) \(\tau\)-exceptional sequence. Denote by \(n\) the number of simple \(\Lambda\)-modules. For ever \(t\le n\), the authors establish a bijection between the set of signed \(\tau\)-exceptional sequences of length \(t\) in \(\mathcal{C}\left( \Lambda \right)\) and the set of ordered support \(\tau\)-rigid objects of length \(t\) in~\(\mathcal{C}\left( \Lambda \right)\).