On critical points of the relative fractional perimeter (Q2046459)

Isoperimetric problems, in mathematics, deal with the determination of the shape of the closed plane curve having a given length and enclosing the maximum area. A problem in the three-dimensional Euclidean space (that of finding a surface of minimal area having a given boundary) has received much attention and is called the Plateau problem. As a physical example, consider the shapes of soap bubbles and raindrops, which are determined by the surface tension and cohesive forces tending to maintain the fixed volume while decreasing the area to a minimum. Isoperimetric problem have had an important role in several classical problems of the calculus of variations, geometric measure theory and mathematical physics. Several authors studied the isoperimetric problem [\textit{J. Simon}, Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. 2, 649--687 (1980; Zbl 0471.35077); \textit{G. Talenti}, Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. (4) 110, 353--372 (1976; Zbl 0353.46018); \textit{M. Ritoré} and \textit{C. Rosales}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 356, No. 11, 4601--4622 (2004; Zbl 1057.53023); \textit{O. Druet}, Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 130, No. 8, 2351--2361 (2002; Zbl 1067.53026); \textit{X. Cabré} et al., Math. Ann. 370, No. 3--4, 1513--1569 (2018; Zbl 1392.53015); \textit{M. M. Fall}, Commun. Contemp. Math. 14, No. 6, 1250037, 35 p. (2012; Zbl 1264.53011); \textit{A. Figalli} et al., Commun. Math. Phys. 336, No. 1, 441--507 (2015; Zbl 1312.49051); \textit{F. Maggi} and \textit{E. Valdinoci}, Commun. Partial Differ. Equations 42, No. 9, 1403--1446 (2017; Zbl 1386.76047); \textit{A. Ros}, Clay Math. Proc. 2, 175--209 (2005; Zbl 1125.49034)]. The principal objective in this paper is to study the nonlocal capillarity energy of sets with constant nonlocal mean curvature in open bounded domains. The authors investigate the geometry of sets with fractional perimeter and of related fractional constant nonlocal mean curvature in open bounded domains, the existence of critical points and asymptotic behavior for small volumes (Theorem 1.1 and Corollary 1.2), and some properties of sets minimizing the fractional perimeter (Theorem 1.3) are determined.