Motivic double zeta values of odd weight (Q2049517)

A multiple zeta value is defined for positive integers \(n_1,\ldots,n_r\) with \(n_r>1\) by \[\zeta(n_1,\ldots,n_r)=\sum\limits_{0<k_1<\cdots<k_r}\frac{1}{k_1^{n_1}\cdots k_r^{n_r}}.\] The sum \(n_1+\cdots+n_r\) is called the weight of \(\zeta(n_1,\ldots,n_r)\). For a positive integer \(n\), let \(\mathcal{Z}_n\) be the \(\mathbb{Q}\)-linear space spanned by the multiple zeta values of weight \(n\). Define \(\mathcal{Z}=\bigoplus\limits_{n=0}^\infty\mathcal{Z}_n\) with \(\mathcal{Z}_0=\mathbb{Q}\), which is a \(\mathbb{Q}\)-graded algebra. Let \(\mathcal{H}\) be the motivic multiple zeta algebra with elements the \(\mathbb{Q}\)-linear combinations of motivic multiple zeta values \(\zeta^{\mathfrak{m}}(n_1,\ldots,n_r)\). The weight and the depth of \(\zeta^{\mathfrak{m}}(n_1,\ldots,n_r)\) are defined by \(n_1+\cdots+n_r\) and \(r\), respectively. There is a graded \(\mathbb{Q}\)-algebra homomorphism \(\eta:\mathcal{H}\longrightarrow \mathcal{Z}\) determined by \(\eta(\zeta^{\mathfrak{m}}(n_1,\ldots,n_r))=\zeta(n_1,\ldots,n_r)\). Let \(\mathfrak{D}_r\mathcal{H}\) be the subspace of \(\mathcal{H}\) spanned by the motivic multiple zeta values with depth \(\leq r\). Denote by \(\text{gr}_r^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}_N\) the weight \(N\) part of \(\text{gr}_r^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}=\mathfrak{D}_r\mathcal{H}/\mathfrak{D}_{r-1}\mathcal{H}\). For odd \(N\geq 5\), the authors of the paper under review establish a short exact sequence \[0\longrightarrow \mathfrak{D}_N^{\text{od,ev}}\overset{\partial}{\longrightarrow}\left(\text{gr}_1^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}^{\text{od}}\otimes_{\mathbb{Q}}\text{gr}_1^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}^{\text{ev}}\right)_N \overset{v}{\longrightarrow}\left(W_{N-1}^{+}\oplus W_{N+1}^{-}\right)^{\vee}\longrightarrow 0,\] where \(\mathfrak{D}_N^{\text{od,ev}}\) is the \(\mathbb{Q}\)-subspace of \(\text{gr}_2^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}_N\) generated by the images of \(\zeta^{\mathfrak{m}}(r,N-r)\) in \(\text{gr}_2^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}_N\) for odd \(r\) with \(3\leq r\leq N-2\), \(\text{gr}_1^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}^{\text{od}}\) (resp. \(\text{gr}_1^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}^{\text{ev}}\)) is the subspace of \(\text{gr}_1^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}\) generated by the images of \(\zeta^{\mathfrak{m}}(2n+1)\) (resp. \(\zeta^{\mathfrak{m}}(2n)\)) in \(\text{gr}_1^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}\) for \(n\geq 1\) and \(\left(\text{gr}_1^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}^{\text{od}}\otimes_{\mathbb{Q}}\text{gr}_1^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}^{\text{ev}}\right)_N\) is the weight \(N\) part of \(\text{gr}_1^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}^{\text{od}}\otimes_{\mathbb{Q}}\text{gr}_1^{\mathfrak{D}}\mathcal{H}^{\text{ev}}\), \(W_{N-1}^{+}\) (resp. \(W_{N+1}^{-}\)) is the space of odd (resp. even) restricted period polynomials of weight \(N-1\) (resp. \(N+1\)) and \(\left(W_{N-1}^{+}\oplus W_{N+1}^{-}\right)^{\vee}\) is the dual space of \(W_{N-1}^{+}\oplus W_{N+1}^{-}\). From the short exact sequence, the authors classify all the relations among depth-graded motivic double zeta values \(\zeta^{\mathfrak{m}}(r,N-r)\) with \(r\) odd, and confirm a conjecture of Zagier on the rank of a matrix which concerns relations among multiple zeta values of odd weight.