The reciprocal of \((q;q)_n\) as sums over partitions (Q2054720)

This paper provides four very similar identities for the reciprocals of \[(q;q)_n = (1-q)(1-q^2)\cdots(1-q^n)\] and \(1-q^n\) as sums over all partitions of \(n\). To state them, let \(\lambda = (\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\ldots,\lambda_k)\) be a partition of \(n\), i.e., a nonincreasing sequence of positive integers \(\lambda_1,\lambda_2,\ldots,\lambda_k\) whose sum is \(n\). Its length \(k\) is also denoted by \(\ell(\lambda)\). Now let \(m_{\lambda}\) be the following multinomial coefficient that is associated with \(\lambda\): \[m_{\lambda} = \binom{\lambda_1}{\lambda_1-\lambda_2,\lambda_2-\lambda_3,\ldots, \lambda_{k-1}-\lambda_k,\lambda_k}.\] The following identities hold: \begin{align*} \frac{q^{\binom{n}{2}}}{(q;q)_n} &= \sum_{\lambda \vdash n} (-1)^{n-\lambda_1} \frac{m_{\lambda}}{(1-q)^{\lambda_1}(1-q^2)^{\lambda_2} \cdots (1-q^{\ell(\lambda)})^{\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}}\,, \\ \frac{1}{(q;q)_n} &= \sum_{\lambda \vdash n} (-1)^{n-\lambda_1} \frac{m_{\lambda} q^{\lambda_2 + 2\lambda_3 + \cdots + (\ell(\lambda)-1)\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}}{(1-q)^{\lambda_1}(1-q^2)^{\lambda_2} \cdots (1-q^{\ell(\lambda)})^{\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}}\,, \\ \frac{(-1)^{n-1}}{1-q^n} &= \sum_{\lambda \vdash n} (-1)^{n-\lambda_1} \frac{n}{\lambda_1} \frac{m_{\lambda}}{(1-q)^{\lambda_1}(1-q^2)^{\lambda_2} \cdots (1-q^{\ell(\lambda)})^{\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}}\,, \\ \frac{1}{1-q^n} &= \sum_{\lambda \vdash n} (-1)^{n-\lambda_1} \frac{n}{\lambda_1} \frac{m_{\lambda} q^{\lambda_2 + 2\lambda_3 + \cdots + (\ell(\lambda)-1)\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}}{(1-q)^{\lambda_1}(1-q^2)^{\lambda_2} \cdots (1-q^{\ell(\lambda)})^{\lambda_{\ell(\lambda)}}}\,. \end{align*} In each case, the sum is taken over all partitions of \(n\). Product identities arising from these sums are derived as corollaries.