Minimal conditions for BMO (Q2056419)

A function \(f\) belongs to the space of Bounded Mean Oscillation (BMO) provided \[\left\|f\right\|_{\mathrm{BMO}} = \sup_Q \frac{1}{|Q|}\int_Q |f - f_Q| < \infty\;\] where the supremum is taken over all cubes with sides parallel to the coordinate axes and \(f_Q\) is the average of \(f\) over the cube \(Q\). Given a cube \(Q\) and a function \(\phi:[0,\infty) \rightarrow [0,\infty)\), we set \[\|f\|_{\phi, Q} = \inf\left\{\lambda > 0 : \frac{1}{|Q|}\int_Q \phi\left(\frac{|f|}{\lambda}\right)\;dx \leq 1\right\}\;.\] \(\mathrm{BMO}_\phi\) is defined to be the set of measurable functions \(f\) such that \[\left\|f\right\|_{\mathrm{BMO}_\phi} = \sup_Q \inf_{c \in \mathbb{R}}\left\|f - c\right\|_{\phi, Q} < \infty\;.\] The first main result of the authors is the following: Let \(\phi\) be an increasing concave function with \(\phi(0) = 0\) and such that \(\lim_{t \rightarrow \infty} \phi(t) = +\infty\). Then \(\mathrm{BMO}_\phi = \mathrm{BMO}\) with the quantitative estimates \[\phi^{-1}(1)\left\|f\right\|_{\mathrm{BMO}_\phi} \leq \left\|f\right\|_{\mathrm{BMO}} \leq \left(2\phi^{-1}(4) + \phi^{-1}(2 + 2^{n+2})\right)\left\|f\right\|_{\mathrm{BMO}_\phi}\;.\] The methods of proof are sufficiently flexible to enable the authors to provide similar results in the settings of spaces of homogeneous type as well as in spaces \((\mathbb{X}, d, \mu)\) endowed with a quasi metric and doubling measure. The authors also provide similar results for \(\mathbb{R}^n\) endowed with a general non doubling non atomic measure.