Dirichlet series expansions of \(p\)-adic \(\mathrm{L}\)-functions (Q2058451)

Let \(\chi\) be a Dirichlet character of conductor \(f\). It is well known that the associated complex \(L\)-function \(L(s,\chi)\) is given by an expansion \[ L(s,\chi) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{\chi(n)}{n^s} \] if the real part of \(s\) is greater than \(1\). Recall that in general an expansion of the form \(\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_n/n^s\) with \(a_n \in \mathbb{C}\) is called a Dirichlet series. \par Now assume that \(\chi\) is even and let \(p\) be prime, which we assume to be odd for simplicity. Then there is also a \(p\)-adic \(L\)-function \(L_p(s,\chi)\), which is a \(p\)-adic meromorphic function that interpolates values of complex \(L\)-series at non-positive integers. Starting from a formula for \(L_p(s,\chi)\) in the book of the second named author (Theorem 5.11 in [Introduction to cyclotomic fields. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Springer (1997; Zbl 0966.11047)]), the authors derive at a Dirichlet series expansion for \(L_p(s,\chi)\). More precisely, for any integer \(c>1\), which is coprime to \(pf\), one has the formula \[ -(1 - \chi(c)\langle c \rangle^{1-s}) \cdot L_p(s,\chi) = \lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} \sum_{\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{a=1}{p \nmid a} }^{fp^n} \chi \omega^{-1}(a) \frac{\varepsilon_{a,c,fp^n}}{\langle a \rangle^s}, \] where \(\omega\) denotes the Teichmüller character and the \(\varepsilon_{a,c,fp^n}\) are certain explicit (half-) integers. A similar formula is obtained for \(S\)-truncated \(p\)-adic \(L\)-series. \par It is also shown that the numbers \(\varepsilon_{a,c,fp^n}\) are related to the Bernoulli distribution \(E_1\) on \(X := \mathbb{Z}/ f\mathbb{Z} \times \mathbb{Z}_p\) as follows. One first replaces \(E_1\) with a regularization \(E_{1,c}\) which is actually a measure. Then one has \[ \varepsilon_{a,c,fp^n} = E_{1,c}(a + fp^n X). \] In a final section, the authors specialize their formulas to different regularization parameters \(c\). In particular, the case \(c=2\) is considered. In this case the obtained results are similar to those of \textit{D. Delbourgo} [J. Aust. Math. Soc. 81, No. 2, 215--224 (2006; Zbl 1207.11112); Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 52, No. 3, 583--606 (2009; Zbl 1243.11104)], where the method of proof is different. Similar expansions for slightly different \(p\)-adic \(L\)-functions are due to \textit{M. S. Kim} and \textit{S. Hu} [J. Number Theory 132, No. 12, 2977--3015 (2012; Zbl 1272.11130)].