Spectral invariants of Dirichlet-to-Neumann operators on surfaces (Q2078943)

The authors study the asymptotic properties of the following Dirichlet-to-Neumann map \[ DN_\lambda=DN_\lambda(\Omega;\tau):C^\infty(\Sigma)\to C^\infty(\Sigma), \] where \(\Sigma=\partial\Omega\) is smooth and is the boundary of the Riemannian surface \((\Omega,g)\), \(\lambda\in\mathbb R\), \(\tau\in C^\infty(\Omega;\mathbb R)\), and \[ DN_\lambda u=\partial_\nu \tilde u, \] where \(\nu\) is the standard outer unit normal to \(\Sigma\) and \(\tilde u\) solves \[ \begin{cases} (\Delta_g+\lambda\tau)\tilde u=0, & \text{in }\Omega,\\ \tilde u=u, & \text{on }\Sigma, \end{cases} \] for \(\Delta_g\) the Laplace-Beltrami operator. Notice that the classical Dirichlet-to-Neumann map is the case \(\tau\equiv 1\), and indeed the authors study the Weyl limit for its eigenvalues \(\sigma_j=\sigma_j(\Omega,\tau,\lambda)\) in this general case. More specifically, the authors show that it is possible to reduce the problem to the case where \(\Omega\) is either a disk or a disjoint union of disks (depending on the number of connected components of \(\Sigma\)) for the computation of the Weyl limit, and specifically \[ \sigma_{2j}\sim \sigma_{2j+1}\sim \frac{2\pi j}{per(\Sigma)}+\mathcal O(j^{-1}), \] where \(per(\Sigma)\) denotes the perimeter of \(\Sigma\). The authors moreover proceed with a much finer study on the asymptotic properties of the spectrum, studying the symbol of the operator and the impact of the various parameters involved (such as \(\lambda,\tau\), etc.). In turn, this provides a number of spectral invariants for operator \(DN_\lambda\), notably: \begin{itemize} \item the number of connected components of \(\Sigma\) and their perimeter; \item the quantity \[ 4\pi\gamma+\int_\Omega K_g dA_g, \] where \(\gamma\) is the genus of \(\Sigma\) and \(K_g\) is the Gaussian curvature; \item the area of \(\Omega\) in the case that \(\Omega\) is a domain in \(\mathbb S^2\) and \(\tau\equiv1\); \item the genus in the case that \(\Omega\) is a domain in a flat orientable space form and \(\tau\equiv1\). \end{itemize}