A variant of Roe algebras for spaces with cylindrical ends with applications in relative higher index theory (Q2080303)

The article under review is a study of positive scalar curvature metrics on manifolds with cylindrical ends which are collared on the cylindrical end. In more detail, the author defines a variant of Roe algebras for spaces \(X\) with cylindrical end \(Y_\infty\), which is denoted by \(C^*(X)^{\Gamma, \mathbb{R}_+}\), where the operators are required to be asymptotically invariant in the cylindrical direction. Furthermore, given a map \((X, Y_\infty)\to(B\Gamma, B\Lambda)\), where \(\Gamma\) and \(\Lambda\) are discrete groups with the map \(B\Lambda\to B\Gamma\) (which is assumed to be injective) induced by a group homomorphism \(\varphi:\Lambda\to\Gamma\), the author obtains the analogue of the Higson-Roe sequence for spaces with cylindrical ends, namely, \[ \begin{tikzcd} \cdots \arrow{r} & K_*(C^*_{L, 0}(\widetilde{X})^{\Gamma, \mathbb{R}_+, \Lambda}) \arrow{r} & K_*(C^*_L(\widetilde{X})^{\Gamma, \mathbb{R}_+, \Lambda}) \arrow{r} & K_*(C^*(\widetilde{X})^{\Gamma, \mathbb{R}_+, \Lambda}) \arrow{r} & \cdots \end{tikzcd} \] Here \(\widetilde{X}\) denotes by \(\Gamma\)-cover of \(X\) associated to the map \(X\to B\Gamma\), \(C^*_L(\widetilde{X})^{\Gamma, \mathbb{R}_+, \Lambda}\) is the equivariant localization algebra and \(C^*_{L, 0}(\widetilde{X})^{\Gamma, \mathbb{R}_+, \Lambda}\) is the equivariant structure algebra of \(\widetilde{X}\), respectively. Now for a spin manifold \(X\) with cylindrical end \(Y_\infty\), the author associates a fundamental class \([\mathsf{D}]\) to the spin Dirac operator \(\mathsf{D}\) in \(K_*(C^*_L(\widetilde{X})^{\Gamma, \mathbb{R}_+, \Lambda})\), and defines an index of \(\mathsf{D}\) to be the image of \([\mathsf{D}]\) under the map \(K_*(C^*_L(\widetilde{X})^{\Gamma, \mathbb{R}_+, \Lambda})\to K_*(C^*(\widetilde{X})^{\Gamma, \mathbb{R}_+, \Lambda})\). The author shows that the nonvanishing of this index is an obstruction to the existence of positive scalar metrics on \(X\) that are collared on \(Y_\infty\). As an application, by removing \(Y_\infty\) from \(X\) and denoting the resulting manifold with boundary by \(\overline{X}\), the author obtains a commutative diagram of the above exact sequence with the relative Higson-Roe sequence for \((\overline{X}, \partial\overline{X})\). The author further shows that the fundamental class of \(\widetilde{X}\) maps to the relative fundamental class, which shows that the relative index can be obtained from the index of \([\mathsf{D}]\) defined by the author.