The VMO-Teichmüller space and the variant of Beurling-Ahlfors extension by heat kernel (Q2081435)

An increasing homeomorphisms \(h\) of the real line \(\mathbb R\) onto itself is said to be quasisymmetric if there exists some \(M>0\) such that \[ \frac 1M\le\frac{h(x+t)-h(x)}{h(x)-h(x-t))}\le M \] for all \(x\in\mathbb R\) and \(t>0\). In an important paper [Acta Math. 96, 125--142 (1956; Zbl 0072.29602)] \textit{A. Beurling} and \textit{L. V. Ahlfors} constructed a quasiconformal homeomorphism \(f\) of the upper half plane \(\mathbb U=\{z=x+iy: y>0\}\) onto itself which has boundary values \(h\) when \(h\) is a quasisymmetric homeomorphism. A variant of the Beurling-Ahlfors extension was investigated by \textit{R. A. Fefferman} et al. [Ann. Math. (2) 134, No. 1, 65--124 (1991; Zbl 0770.35014)] when the quasisymmetric homeomorphism \(h\) is induced by an \(A^{\infty}\) weight. Precisely, when \(h\) is locally absolutely continuous on the real line such that \(h'\) is an \(A^{\infty}\) weight, Fefferman, Kenig and Pipher showed that \(h\) can be extended to a quasiconformal mapping \(F\) of the upper half plane whose complex dilatation \(\mu\) induces a Carleson measure \(|\mu(x+iy)|^2/y\). In a previous paper [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 53, No. 3, 723--739 (2021; Zbl 1483.30054)], the authors showed that the the complex dilatation \(\mu\) of \(F\) induces a vanishing Carleson measure \(|\mu(x+iy)|^2/y\) under the additional assumption that \(\log h'\) is a VMO function. Under the lift and the projection by the universal cover from the upper half plane \(\mathbb U\) onto the punctured disk \(\{w: 0<|w|<1\}\), this extension procedure can also be made from the unit circle \(S^1\) to the unit disk \(\Delta=\{w: |w|<1\}\). In this paper, the authors prove among other things that the complex dilatation \(\mu\) depends real analytically on the homeomorphism \(h\), which induces a real-analytic section for the VMO Teichmüller space. We refer to the paper for precise definitions.