Localization, monoid sets and \(K\)-theory (Q2097268)

The paper is devoted to the \(K\)-theory of sets with an action of a pointed monoid/ monoid scheme, analogous to the \(K\)-theory of modules over a ring (or scheme) with localization sequences in terms of the quotient category of a nice regular category by a Serre subcategory. A pointed monoid is taken as Spec of some monoid algebra and a monoid scheme as some scheme over the ground field \(\mathfrak k\), a sheaf of monoid sets on \(S\) -- as a sheaf of modules over an \(\mathfrak k\)-algebra \(A\). The proposed theory closely tracks the Quillen's \(K\)-theory of noetherian rings and schemes. In particular, the \(K\)-theory of \(\mathcal A_S\)-set admids also the spectral sequences with \(E_2\) sheet as \(E^{p,q}_2 = H^p(S, \mathcal K'_{-q})\). The new tool developed in the paper is the construction of the localization \(\mathcal M\slash \mathcal C\) (Theorems 4.5, 6,2, 8.4) of a nice regular category \(\mathcal M\) by a ``Serre subcategory'' \(\mathcal C\) and the \(K\)-theory localization sequence \(K(\mathcal C) \to K(\mathcal M) \to K(\mathcal M / \mathcal C)\). An analogue of Quillen's proof of Gersten's Conjecture is proven.