Adjoint functor theorems for homotopically enriched categories (Q2111223)

Freyd's \textit{adjoint functor theorem} [\textit{P. Freyd}, Abelian categories. An introduction to the theory of functors. Harper's Series in Modern Mathematics. New York-Evanston-London: Harper and Row, Publishers (1964; Zbl 0121.02103)] gives a sufficient condition for the existence of a left adjoint for a functor $U:\mathcal{B}\rightarrow\mathcal{A}$, which consists of a \textit{solution set condition} and the completeness of the category $\mathcal{B}$ with the functor $U$ preserving limits. The principal objective in this paper is to describe a strict generalization of Freyd's result, demonstrating similar applications to homotopical algebra. The setting in which the authors work is categories $\mathcal{B}$ enriched in a monoidal model category $\mathcal{V}$. The authors gave four major examples in \S 2. None of these categories are complete in the sense of enriched category theory, but admit \textit{cofibrantly-weighted limits}. To look for a kind of left adjoint, the authors fit into the framework of \textit{enriched weakness} developed by the second-named author and \textit{J. Rosický} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 216, No. 8--9, 1807--1822 (2012; Zbl 1268.18004)]. Given a class $\mathcal{E}$ of morphisms in $\mathcal{V}$, one says that $U:\mathcal{B}\rightarrow\mathcal{A}$ admits an $\mathcal{E}$-weak left adjoint if for each object $A\in\mathcal{A}$ there exists an object $A^{\prime}\in\mathcal{B}$ and a morphism $\eta_{A}:A\rightarrow UA^{\prime}$ for which the induced map \[ \mathcal{B}(A^{\prime},B)\xrightarrow{\ U\ }\mathcal{A}(UA^{\prime},UB)\xrightarrow{\ \mathcal{A}(\eta_{A},UB)\ }\mathcal{A}(A,UB) \] belongs to $\mathcal{E}$ for all $B\in\mathcal{B}$, where one can recover classical adjointness on taking $\mathcal{E}$ to be the isomorphisms. This paper takes $\mathcal{E}$ to be the class of morphisms in the model category $\mathcal{V}$ with the \textit{dual strong deformation retract property}. After [\textit{A. Dold}, Ann. Math. (2) 78, 223--255 (1963; Zbl 0203.25402); \textit{A. Dold}, Proc. Int. Congr. Math. 1962, 459--461 (1963; Zbl 0203.25501)], such morphisms are called \textit{shrinkable}, and the authors introduce the name \textit{left shrink-adjoint} for $\mathcal{E}$-weak left adjoint in the case where $\mathcal{E}$ consists of the shrinkable morphisms. The first main result (Theorem 7.7) is the generalization Freyd's adjoint functor theorem, giving a sufficient condition for a $\mathcal{V}$-functor to have such a left shrink-adjoint. The second main result (Theorem 8.9) is to apply the above adjoint functor theorem to the construction of $\mathcal{E}$-weak colimits in the sense of \textit{S. Lack} and \textit{J. Rosický} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 216, No. 8--9, 1807--1822 (2012; Zbl 1268.18004)]. The last section (\S 9) interprets the two main theorems in each of the four running examples presented in \S 2, where the setting is fixed. In the first two examples the authors recover, and indeed extend, the classical theory. They focus primarily on $2$-categories and $\infty$-cosmoi. It is shown in particular that many natural examples of are accessible, allowing of conclusion that they admit \textit{flexibly-weighted homotopy colimits} in the sense of [\textit{E. Riehl} and \textit{D. Verity}, Theory Appl. Categ. 35, 1101--1158 (2020; Zbl 1451.18043)].