A cubic analogue of the Friedlander-Iwaniec spin over primes (Q2114171)

Let \(\rho:=e^{2\pi i/3}\), \(k:=\mathbb{Q}(\rho)\), \(K:=k(i)\), \(\mathcal{P}_{K}\) and \(I(K)\) stand for the set of the prime ideals and the monoid of the integral ideals of \(K\) respectively. Making use of the law of cubic reciprocity, the author defines a non-trivial cubic character \(\chi : I(K)\rightarrow\mu_{3}\cup\{0\}\) and proves the upper bound \[ \sum_{\mathfrak{p} \in\mathcal{P}_{K} (X)}\chi (\mathfrak{p})<< X^{142/143} \text{ as } X\rightarrow\infty, \tag{1} \] where \[ \mathcal{P}_{K} (X):=\{\mathfrak{p}\mid \mathfrak{p}\in \mathcal{P}_{K}, \ N\mathfrak{p}\leq X\}. \] That estimate may be regarded as an analogue of the following upper bound proved in the work of \textit{J. Friedlander} and \textit{H. Iwaniec} [Ann. Math. (2) 148, No. 3, 945--1040 (1998; Zbl 0926.11068)]: \[ \sum_{(s,r) \in\mathcal{P}(X)}\left(\frac{s}{r}\right)<< X^{76/77} \text{ as } X\rightarrow\infty, \tag{2} \] where \(\left(\frac{s}{r}\right)\) is the Jacobi symbol, \[ \mathcal{P} (X):=\{(s,r)\mid (s,r)\in \mathbb{N}^{2},\ r\equiv 1\pmod {2},\ s^{2}+r^{2}=p,\ p\in \mathbb{P},\ p\leq X\}, \] and \(\mathbb{P}\) is the set of the rational primes. The proof of (1) is similar to the proof of (2), although the author of the paper under review had to overcome some technical difficulties, relating to the arithmetic of the cyclotomic field \(K\).