Entire solutions for some Fermat type functional equations concerning difference and partial differential in \(\mathbb{C}^2\) (Q2116399)

Let \(c_j\), \(j=1, 2\) and \(a_j\), \(j=1, 2, 3, 4\) be complex constants. The authors mainly treat a functional equation of the form \[ \Big(a_1f(z+c)+a_2f(z)\Big)^2+ \Big(a_3f(z+c)+a_4f(z)\Big)^2=1\] in \(\mathbb{C}^2\). They mainly consider transcendental entire solutions \(f(z)=f(z_1,z_2)\) of finite order with \(c=(c_1,c_2)\ne(0,0)\) by the difference analogues of Nevanlinna theory, see e.g., \textit{R. G. Halburd} and \textit{R. J. Korhonen} [Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Math. 31, No. 2, 463--478 (2006; Zbl 1108.30022)]. It is shown that \(f(z)^2+\Big(f(z+c)-f(z)\Big)^2=1\) has no transcendental entire solutions of finite order. They also obtain conditions under which the above equation admits transcendental entire solutions of finite order when \(a_4=0\) and \(a_1a_4-a_2a_3\ne0\) respectively. Some examples are given. They further discuss some variations of the above equation with a partial differential operator.