Grothendieck-Lefschetz for ample subvarieties (Q2118182)

In the paper under review, the authors establish a Grothendieck-Lefschetz theorem for smooth ample subvarieties of smooth projective varieties over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and they provide several interesting applications. Definition. Let \(q\) be a non-negative integer. A line bundle \(\mathcal{L}\) on an \(n\)-dimensional projective variety \(X\) over a field \(\Bbbk\) is said to be respectively i) \(q\)-\(T\)-ample if for a given ample line bundle \(\mathcal{O}_{X}(1)\) on \(X\) and for some positive integer \(N\) we have \(H^{i+q}(X, \mathcal{L}^{\otimes N}(-n-i)) = 0\) for \(1 \leq i \leq n-q\); ii) naively \(q\)-ample if for every coherent sheaf \(\mathcal{F}\) on \(X\) we have \(H^{i}(X, \mathcal{F} \otimes \mathcal{L}^{\otimes m})=0\) for all \(i>q\) and all \(m\) sufficiently large depending on \(\mathcal{F}\); iii) uniformly \(q\)-ample if there exists a constant \(\lambda >0\) such that for every coherent sheaf \(\mathcal{F}\) on \(X\) we have \(H^{i}(X, \mathcal{L}^{\otimes m}(-j))=0\) for all \(i>q\), \(j>0\), and \(m\geq \lambda j\). In characteristic zero, we say that \(\mathcal{L}\) is \(q\)-ample if it satisfies any of the above three conditions. Definition. Let \(X\) be a projective variety over a field of characteristic zero. A closed subscheme \(Y \subset X\) of codimension \(r>0\) is said to be ample if the exceptional divisor \(E\) of the blow-up of \(X\) along \(Y\) is \((r-1)\)-ample. The first main result of the paper under review can be formulated as follows. Theorem A. Let \(X\) be a smooth \(n\)-dimensional projective variety defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and let \(Y \subset X\) be a smooth subvariety. i) If the cohomological dimension \(\mathrm{cd}(X \setminus Y) \leq n-3\), then the restriction map \(\mathrm{Pic}(X) \rightarrow \mathrm{Pic}(Y)\) is injective and induces an isomorphism \(\mathrm{Pic}^{0}(X) \cong \mathrm{Pic}^{0}(Y)\). ii) If the cohomological dimension \(\mathrm{cd}(X \setminus Y) < n-3\), then the map \(\mathrm{Pic}(X) \rightarrow \mathrm{Pic}(Y)\) has finite cokernel. The main ingredient in the proof of Theorem A is the following torsion-freeness property. Theorem B. Let \(X\) be an \(n\)-dimensional projective variety defined over an algebraically closed field, and let \(Y \subset X\) be a positive-dimensional closed subscheme. Assume that the cohomological dimension \(\mathrm{cd}(X \setminus Y) < n-1\). Then the kernel of the restriction map \(\mathrm{Pic}(X) \rightarrow\mathrm{Pic}(Y)\) is torsion free. As an easy application of Theorem A, the authors provide an easy generalization of a result due to Sommese. Corollary. Abelian varieties of dimension \(\geq 2\) defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero cannot be realized as ample subvarieties of any smooth projective variety. Based on Theorem B, the authors also show the following result. Theorem C. Let \(X\) be an abelian variety defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and \(Y \subset X\) a smooth subvariety of codimension \(r\) with ample normal bundle. Then any surjective morphism \(\pi : Y \rightarrow Z\) with \(\dim Y -\dim \, Z > r\) extends uniquely to a morphism \(\tilde{\pi}: Y \rightarrow X\) and the Stein factorization of \(\tilde{\pi}\) is, up to translation, a quotient morphism of abelian varieties \(X \rightarrow X / B\) composed with a finite surjective map \(X / B \rightarrow Z\).