Two results on the Hodge structure of complex tori (Q2118195)

It is well-known that the functor which associates to a complex torus \(T\) its first Betti cohomology group \(H^1(T, \mathbb Q)\) together with its natural Hodge structure of weight \(1\) is an equivalence of category between the category of complex tori up to isogeny and the category of rational Hodge structures of type \(\{(1, 0), (0,1)\}\). Furthermore, such a rational Hodge structure comes from an abelian variety if and only if it admits a polarization, namely, a rational bilinear form that satisfies the Hodge-Riemann positivity relations. In general, we say that a Hodge structure \(V\) is abelian if it appears as a direct factor, up to a Tate twist, of the cohomology of an abelian variety. Concretely, this means that \(V\) appears as a direct factor of a Hodge structure of the form \[H^1(A, \mathbb Q)^{\otimes a}\otimes (H^1(A, \mathbb Q)^{\vee})^{\otimes b}\otimes\mathbb Q(c),\] where \(a, b\) and \(c\) are positive integers with \(a, b\geq 0\). Abelian Hodge structures are described in terms of their Mumford-Tate groups in [\textit{J. S. Milne}, Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 55, 447--523 (1994; Zbl 0816.14022), Section 1]. Theorem. Let \(V\) be a pure polarizable Hodge structure. Let \(W\) be a Hodge structure of type \(\{(0, 1),\,(1, 0)\}\) such that \(V\) is isomorphic to a subquotient of the Hodge structure \[W^{\otimes a}\otimes (W^\vee)^{\otimes b}\otimes\mathbb Q(c)\] for some integers \(a, b, c\) with \(a, b\geq 0.\) Then there exists a polarizable Hodge structure \(W'\) which is isomorphic to a direct sum of subquotients of \(W\), and an injection of Hodge structures \[V \lhook\joinrel\longrightarrow W'^{\otimes a'}\otimes (W'^\vee)^{\otimes b'}\otimes\mathbb Q(c')\] for some integers \(a', b', c'\) with \(a', b'\geq 0.\) In particular, those polarizable Hodge structures that appear in the cohomology of complex tori always come from algebraic varieties. An instance of Hodge structures that appear in the cohomology of complex tori is given by the Kuga-Satake construction, first introduced in [\textit{P. Deligne}, Invent. Math. 15, 206--226 (1972; Zbl 0219.14022)], that associates a Hodge structure \(W\) of type \(\{(0, 1),\,(1, 0)\}\) to any Hodge structure \(V\) of \(K3\) type endowed with a suitable quadratic form. The Hodge structure \(W\) is polarizable if the quadratic form is a polarization, and \(V\) is always a sub-Hodge structure of \(\mathrm{End}(W)\). We prove that \(W\) satisfies a universality property: if \(V\) is general enough and \(W'\) is a Hodge structure of type \(\{(0, 1),\,(1, 0)\}\) such that there exists an embedding \[V \lhook\joinrel\longrightarrow W'^{\otimes a}\otimes (W'^\vee)^{\otimes b}\otimes\mathbb (c)\] for some \(a, b, c\) with \(a, b\) nonnegative, then \(W'\) shares a subquotient with the Kuga-Satake variety.