On the existence of positive periodic solutions for \(N\)-species Lotka-Volterra competitive systems with distributed delays and impulses (Q2120309)

Consider the impulsive Lotka-Volterra differential system with distributed delays of the form \[ \begin{aligned} x_i'(t)=x_i(t)[r_i(t)&-\sum_{j=1}^na_{ij}(t)h_j(x_j(t))-\sum_{j=1}^nb_{ij}(t)f_j(x_j(t-\tau_{ij}(t))) \\ &- \sum_{j=1}^nc_{ij}\int_{-\infty}^tD_{ij}(t,\rho)g_j(x_j(\rho))d\rho], \end{aligned} \] for all \(t\neq t_k\), \(k=1, 2, \cdots\) and \(x_i(t_k^+)-x_i(t_k^-)=J_{ik}(t_k,x_i(t_k)),\) \(t=t_k\). Here all functions involved are continuous, and positive and moreover the functions \(a_{ij}\), \(\tau_{ij}\), \(D_{ij}\), \(b_{ij}\), \(c_{ij}\) and \(r_i\) are periodic having the same period and the impulses \(I_{ij}\) are subquadratic, or sublinear functions. The purpose of the authors is to reformulate the problem into an integral operator equation and then to provide sufficient conditions for the existence of positive periodic solutions, so that the Krasnoselskii's fixed point theorem in cones can be applied.