An Euler system for \(\mathrm{GU}(2,1)\) (Q2122062)

The paper under review constructs an Euler system for the \(p\)-adic Galois representation associated to a regular algebraic, essentially conjugate self-dual cuspidal automorphic representation \(\Pi\) of \(GL_{3}\) over an imaginary quadratic field \(E\). Such \(\Pi\) is the base change of some generic non-endoscopic cohomological cuspidal automorphic representation of \(G = GU(2,1)\) over \(\mathbb{Q}\). The Euler system is a family of Galois cohomology classes over almost all of the ray class fields of \(E\) satisfying a norm-compatibility relation as the ray class fields vary. The authors construct them in the etale cohomology of the Shimura variety of \(G\) following the same strategy as their previous work on the Euler system for \(GSp(4)\) [\textit{D. Loeffler} et al., J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 24, No. 2, 669--733 (2022; Zbl 1494.11044)]. These classes are the etale realization of the pushforwards of Eisenstein classes in the motivic cohomology of the Shimura variety attached to some subgroup scheme \(H\) of \(G\). In this paper, the authors prove a stronger version of the norm-compatibility relation, that is for the motivic cohomology classes, whereas similar result is not known in [loc. cit.]. The new input here is some cyclicity result for the local Hecke algebras. More precisely, the authors show that for any rational prime \(l\) the space of compactly supported \((H(\mathbb{Z}_l), G(\mathbb{Z}_l))\)-biinvariant functions on \(G(\mathbb{Q}_l)\) as a bimodule over the spherical Hecke algebras of \(H(\mathbb{Q}_l)\) and \(G(\mathbb{Q}_l)\) can be generated by the characteristic function of \(G(\mathbb{Z}_l)\). Such a result can be seen as a special case of some general phenomenon in the theory of spherical varieties.