\(L^p\) theory for the square roots and square functions of elliptic operators having a BMO anti-symmetric part (Q2126095)

The authors consider the operator \(L = -\operatorname{div}(A(x)\nabla)\), where \(A\) is an \(n \times n\) matrix of real coefficients and satisfies the ellipticity condition, with \(n \geq 2\). The coefficients of the symmetric part of \(A\) are assumed to be in \(L^\infty(\mathbb R^n)\), and those of the anti-symmetric part of \(A\) are assumed only to belong to the space BMO(\(\mathbb R^n\)). A complete quantitative theory of the \(L^ p\) regularity theory for the square root of \(L\) is proved. Moreover, the authors prove the \(L^ p\) estimates for some vertical square functions associated to \(e^{-t L}\). These results are necessary to establish the solvability of the Dirichlet problem for elliptic equation \(\operatorname{div}(A(x)\nabla u) = 0\) in the upper half-space with the boundary data in \(L^p\) for some \(p \in (1,\infty)\).