Law of large numbers for the drift of the two-dimensional wreath product (Q2128103)

The current paper focuses on centered random walks with \((2+\varepsilon)\)-moment on the two dimensional wreath product \(G=\mathbb{Z}^2\wr (\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})\) of the groups \(\mathbb{Z}^2\) and \(\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}\), respectively. Wreath products of groups are also called lamplighter groups, and random walks on them illustrate interesting phenomena about the Poisson boundary. The authors prove a law of large numbers-type result for the drift of the above mentioned random walks. More precisely, if the random walk is denoted by \((X_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}\) and its drift by \(l_S(X_n)\), which depends on the finite generating set \(S\) of \(G\), then it is shown that there exists a constant \(c>0\) such that \[\frac{l_S(X_n)}{n/\log n}\to c,\quad \text {almost surely, as } n\to\infty.\] If the \((2+\varepsilon)\)-moment condition is dropped out, then the rescaling may be different than \(n/\log n\). Even more, the authors prove that the above law of large numbers holds also if the group of lamps \(\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}\) is replaced by the infinite group \(\mathbb{Z}\). The main result is in contrast with classical examples of abelian groups, where the displacement after \(n\) steps, normalised by its mean, does not concentrate.