The mixed second moment of quadratic Dirichlet \(L\)-functions over function fields (Q2136005)

The authors study moments of \(L\)-functions in the function field case. More precisely, they consider the family of quadratic Dirichlet \(L\)-functions associated to hyperelliptic curves over a fixed finite field \(\mathbb{F}_q\) of odd cardinality \(q\). For a monic and square-free polynomial \(D \in \mathbb{F}_q [t]\) of degree \(2g + 1\), the equation \(y^2 = D(x)\) defines a hyperelliptic curve of genus g. The zeta function of this curve is a rational function whose numerator \(L(s, \chi_D)\) is the quadratic Dirichlet \(L\)-function associated to the quadratic character \(\chi_D\) modulo \(D\). Therefore, the completed \(L\)-function \[\Lambda(s,\chi_D)=q^{g(s-1/2)}L(s,\chi_D)\] satisfies the functional equation \(\Lambda(s,\chi_D)=\Lambda(1-s,\chi_D)\). The authors provide a mixed second moment formula for \(\Lambda(s,\chi)\) when \(q \equiv 1 \) (mod \(4\)) and \(g\to \infty\) as follows: \[\sum_{D\in \mathcal{H}_{2g+1}}\frac{\Lambda''(1/2, \chi_D)\Lambda(1/2,\chi_D)}{(\log q)^2}=\frac{q^{2g+1}}{\zeta_q(2)}P(2g+1)+O(q^{g(1+\varepsilon)}),\] where \(P(x)\) is an explicit polynomial of degree \(5\) and the summation is over the set \(\mathcal{H}_{2g+1}\subset \mathbb{F}_q[t]\) of all monic square-free polynomials of degree \(2g+1\). The above formula yields also a non-vanishing result regarding the number of \(D\in \mathcal{H}_{2g+1}\) such that \[\Lambda''(1/2, \chi_D)\Lambda(1/2,\chi_D)\neq 0\] which is asymptotically at least \(\frac{q^{2g+1}}{g^4}\).