New results on Bernoulli numbers of higher order (Q2136366)

For \(r\) be any positive integer, the authors give for the Bernoulli numbers \( B_{n}^{(r)}\) of higher order \(r,\) an explicit formula in terms of unsigned Stirling numbers of the first kind and a nice recurrence formula as follows: \[ \tbinom{n}{r-1}B_{n}^{(r)}=\left( -1\right) ^{n} {r}{r-n}\text{ and } \left( \tfrac{n}{r}-1\right) B_{n}^{(r)}=B_{n}^{(r+1)}-nB_{n-1}^{(r)}. \] They also provide an expression of Bernoulli numbers of higher order \(r\) in terms of classical Bernoulli numbers. The second part of the paper is devoted to analogues of Kummer congruences and a von Staudt-Clausen Theorem for the \(p\)-integers \(B_{n}^{(r)}/r\binom{n }{r}\). They also investigate the \(p\)-integrality of these numbers\ and study the multiples of their numerators. As a third part of the paper, they construct new Eisenstein series associated to \(B_{n}^{(r)}\) and prove their Kummer-congruences.