\((p, q)\)-analogues of the generalized Touchard polynomials and Stirling numbers (Q2139069)

In mathematics, J. Touchard in his work on the cycles of permutations generalized the Bell polynomials to study some problems of enumeration of the permutations when the cycles possess certain properties. The Touchard polynomials (also known as exponential polynomials or Bell polynomials) have many applications and play important rule in areas of probability and statistics. In particular, the Touchard polynomial $Tn(\lambda)$ is the $n$th moment of a random variable $Y$ which has Poisson distribution and expected value $\lambda$. Also, the Stirling numbers of the second kind, denoted by $S2(n,k)$, count the number of ways to partition a set of size $n$ into $k$ non-empty disjoint subsets. In this paper, $(p, q)$-deformed analogues of the generalized Touchard polynomials and Stirling numbers, the post-quantum analogues of the $q$-deformed generalized Touchard polynomials and Stirling numbers are introduced. The author establishes a connection between these deformations. Also, he derives a recurrence relation for the $(p, q)$-deformed generalized Touchard polynomials, elucidating a $(p, q)$-deformation of Spivey's relation.