On the solution of the Volterra integral equation of second type for the error term in an asymptotic formula for arithmetical functions (Q2139606)

Let \(a,b\) be arithmetic functions satisfying \(2\alpha=\sum_{n=1}^\infty a(n)/n^2\), \(b(n)=n\sum_{d|n}a(d)/d\), and \(\sum_{n\leq x}b(n)=\alpha x^2+E(x)\) with \(E(x)=o(x^2)\). The author shows that for every complex number \(C\), the function \[ F(x)=\left(C-\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{a(n)}{n}\left\{\frac{x}{n}\right\}\right)x \] is a solution, in \(y\), of the following Volterra integral equation of second type \[ y(x)-\int_0^x\frac{y(t)}{t}\,dt=E(x). \] A classical example, and motivation for the author, is \(a=\mu\) and \(b=\varphi\), Möbius and Euler functions, respectively.